ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Jasmonic acid (JA) is a signal transducer molecule that plays an important role in plant development and stress response; it can also efficiently stimulate secondary metabolism in plant cells. RESULTS: RNA-Seq technology was applied to identify differentially expressed genes and study the time course of gene expression in Rhazya stricta in response to JA. Of more than 288 million total reads, approximately 27% were mapped to genes in the reference genome. Genes involved during the secondary metabolite pathways were up- or downregulated when treated with JA in R. stricta. Functional annotation and pathway analysis of all up- and downregulated genes identified many biological processes and molecular functions. Jasmonic acid biosynthetic, cell wall organization, and chlorophyll metabolic processes were upregulated at days 2, 6, and 12, respectively. Similarly, the molecular functions of calcium-transporting ATPase activity, ADP binding, and protein kinase activity were also upregulated at days 2, 6, and 12, respectively. Time-dependent transcriptional gene expression analysis showed that JA can induce signaling in the phenylpropanoid and aromatic acid pathways. These pathways are responsible for the production of secondary metabolites, which are essential for the development and environmental defense mechanism of R. stricta during stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and aromatic acid synthesis pathways were upregulated during JA stress. However, monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (MIA) was unaffected by JA treatment. Hence, we can postulate that JA plays an important role in R. stricta during plant development and environmental stress conditions.
Subject(s)
Cyclopentanes/metabolism , Apocynaceae/genetics , Oxylipins/metabolism , Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism , Stress, Physiological , Flavonoids/biosynthesis , Base Sequence , Gene Expression , Environment , TranscriptomeABSTRACT
In order to study the alkaloids from branches and leaves of Ervatamia hainanensis, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC chromatography were used to obtain six alkaloids from the branches and leaves of E. hainanensis with use of. Based on the physicochemical properties and spectral data, their structures were identified as 10-hydroxydemethylhirsuteine(1), 3R-hydroxycoronaridine(2), 3-(2-oxopropyl)coronaridine(3), pandine(4), 16-epi-vobasine(5), and 16-epi-vobasinic acid(6). Among them, compound 1 was a new monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, and compounds 5 and 6 were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Molecular Structure , Plant Leaves , TabernaemontanaABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the monoterpenoid indole alkaloids in Gardneria multiflora Makino. METHODS: The dried plants of G. multiflora Makino were extracted with 95% ethanol. After removal of solvent, the residue was diluted with water, then extracted with petroleum ether and chloroform to obtain crude alkaloids. Column chromatograghy on silica gel, Rp-18, and Sephadex LH-20 were applied for the isolation and purification of crude alkaloids. The structure was elucidated based on detailed spectroscopic evidence. RESULTS: One monoterpenoid indole alkaloid was isolated from this plant. CONCLUSION: Compound gardmultimine A (1) is a new compound.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the alkaloid constituents from the trunk barks of Winchia calophylla. The constituents were isolated and purified by column chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 columns. The structure of the isolated compound was elucidated by MS and NMR spectra, and then confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The isolated compound was also evaluated for its in vitro cytotoxicity against the proliferation of seven kinds of human cancer cell lines (lung cancer: A549, breast cancer: MCF-7, prostate cancer: PC-3, glioma: U87MG, multiple myeloma: U266, MM1. S, and MM1. R). A new monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, identified as calophyline B (1), was isolated from the ethanol extract of the trunk barks of W. calophylla. Compound 1 is a new compound, which shows no cytotoxicity against the proliferation of the above human tumor cells.